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AS9100D ISO 9001:2015

Technical Reference —Sensors & Standards

Engineering reference data for temperature sensor selection, application, and specification. RTD accuracy classes, thermocouple type comparison, standard wire resistivity, and relevant international standards — consolidated for design engineers.

IEC 60751ASTM E230ASME PTC 19.3AMS 2750Callendar-Van DusenType Selection Guide

RTD Accuracy Class
Reference Tables

IEC 60751 ClassTolerance FormulaAt 0°CAt 100°CAt 400°CValid Range
Class AA (1/3 DIN)±(0.1 + 0.0017|t|) °C±0.10°C±0.27°C±0.78°C−50 to 250°C
Class A±(0.15 + 0.002|t|) °C±0.15°C±0.35°C±0.95°C−100 to 450°C
Class B±(0.3 + 0.005|t|) °C±0.30°C±0.80°C±2.30°C−196 to 850°C
Class C±(0.6 + 0.01|t|) °C±0.60°C±1.60°C±4.60°C−196 to 600°C

Callendar-Van Dusen Equation

For temperatures above 0°C: R(T) = R₀[1 + AT + BT²]. For temperatures below 0°C: R(T) = R₀[1 + AT + BT² + C(T−100)T³]. Standard IEC 60751 coefficients: A = 3.9083×10⁻³ °C⁻¹, B = −5.775×10⁻⁷ °C⁻², C = −4.183×10⁻¹² °C⁻⁴ (below 0°C only). R₀ = 100.000 Ω (nominal for Pt100).

Thermocouple Type
Selection Reference

TypeEMF at 100°C (mV)Sensitivity (µV/°C)AtmosphereAvoid
K (NiCr/NiAl)4.096~41Oxidizing, inertReducing, sulfurous, vacuum above 400°C
J (Fe/Con)5.269~53Reducing, inert, vacuumOxidizing above 550°C, moisture
T (Cu/Con)4.279~43Oxidizing, reducing, moistAbove 370°C (Cu oxidizes)
E (NiCr/Con)6.319~63Oxidizing, inertReducing, sulfurous
N (Nicrosil/Nisil)2.774~28Oxidizing, inertReducing above 400°C
R (Pt13Rh/Pt)0.647~10Oxidizing, inertReducing, metallic vapor, carbon
S (Pt10Rh/Pt)0.646~10Oxidizing, inertReducing, metallic vapor, carbon
B (Pt30Rh/Pt6Rh)—~6 (above 500°C)Oxidizing, inertReducing; negligible output below 50°C

Industry Standards
Quick Reference

Temperature Sensor Standards

  • IEC 60751 — Industrial platinum RTDs
  • ASTM E230 — Thermocouple EMF tables and tolerances
  • IEC 60584 — Thermocouple reference tables
  • ASTM E585 — MIMS cable specification
  • ANSI MC96.1 — TC and extension wire color code

Thermowell & Installation

  • ASME PTC 19.3-TW — Thermowell calculations
  • ASME B40.200 — Thermometer wells
  • ISA-75.08 — Thermowell installation
  • API 670 — Rotating machinery monitoring
  • API RP 551 — Process measurement instrumentation

Quality & Aerospace

  • AS9100 Rev D — Aerospace QMS
  • ISO 9001:2015 — Quality management systems
  • AS9102 — First article inspection requirements
  • AMS 2750 — Pyrometry for heat treating
  • CQI-9 — Heat treat system assessment (AIAG)

Calibration & Metrology

  • ITS-90 — International Temperature Scale of 1990
  • ISO/IEC 17025 — Calibration lab competence
  • NIST SP 250-81 — SPRT calibration
  • ASTM E344 — Thermal analysis terminology
  • ASTM E2365 — Guide to TC calibration

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